'Christianity & the Arts' Email Resource
Sample #1
CHRISTIANITY & THE ARTS - e-resources
JULY 15, 2003
INDEX of all editions
Contents:
========
Article:
+ Art and the Christian - Jerry Solomon & Jimmy Williams
Events:
+ Summer Arts Events at Regent College
+ Regent College summer school 2003: FAITH & THE WORLDS OF THEATRE
Networking:
+ C.A.S.T. (Christian Actors Studying Together)
+ Pacific Theatre
Resources:
+ The Minstrel Series - Ray Hughes
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ART AND THE CHRISTIAN
From: http://www.leaderu.com/orgs/probe/docs/artandxn.html
Probe Ministries
Jerry Solomon & Jimmy Williams
Art in our Lives
---------------------
Where are you as you read this? You may be sitting in an office, reclining
in a lounge chair at home, lounging in your back yard, sitting at a desk in
your dorm room, or any other of a number of scenarios. Consider for a moment
if art is part of your consciousness. If you are sitting in an office, is
art anywhere within your vision? If you are reclining in a lounge chair, does
the furniture have an artistic dimension? If you are lounging in your back
yard, can the word art be used to describe any facet of what you see? If you
are in your dorm room, are you listening to music that is art?
If I had the pleasure of dialoguing with you in regard to these questions, no doubt we would have a very interesting conversation. Some of you may say, "No, art doesn't describe anything I see at the moment." Or, some of you may state, "I haven't thought of this before. You'll have to give me more time for reflection."Others may assert, "I only think of art within museums, concert halls or other such places that enshrine our art." Others may say, "Yes, art is very much a part of my daily life." But since I can't dialog with you in order to know what you are doing at the moment, and I certainly cannot see what you see, let me tell you where I am and what I see as I write these comments. I am sitting in my study at my desk while I am listening to the music of Bach. I see a clock on one of the bookshelves, a hand-painted plate I purchased in the country of Slovenia, a framed poem given to me by my daughter, several chairs, two floor lamps, a mirror with a bamboo frame, two canoe paddles I bought in the San Blas islands off the coast of Panama, a wooden statue I purchased in Ecuador, and a unique, colorful sculpture that was made by my son. As I mention these things, perhaps you are attempting to imagine them. You are trying to "see" or "hear" them and in so doing there are certain of these items you may describe as art. Your first response may be to say that the music of Bach, the hand-painted Slovenian plate, or the Ecuadorian statue can be described as art. But what about the chair in which I am sitting, the desk, the bookshelves, the chairs, or the lamps? Better yet, what about such items that are found where you live? Are they art?
Such questions are indicative of the challenges we face when we begin to consider the place of art in our lives. As an evangelical Christian I can state that art and the aesthetic dimensions of life have not received much attention within my formal training. Only through my own pursuit have I begun to think about art with a Christian world view.And I have found my experience is similar to what many have experienced within the evangelical community.
Too often we have tended to label art as inconsequential or even detrimental
to the Christian life.
Actually, there is nothing new about this. Our spiritual forefathers debated
such issues. They were surrounded by Greek and pagan cultures that challenged
them to give serious thought to how they should express their new beliefs.
Art surrounded them, but could the truth of Christ be expressed legitimately
through art? Could Christians give positive attention to the art of non- Christians?
In light of such struggles it is my intention to encourage you to give attention
to some of the basic elements of a Christian world view of art and aesthetics
in this essay. I believe you will find that our discussion can have significant
application in your life.
Art and Aesthetics
-------------------------
Several years ago I was having dinner with a group of young people when our
conversation turned to the subject of music. During the discussion I made
a comment about how I believe there is a qualitative difference between the
music of Bach and that of a musician who was popular among Christians at the
time of our discussion. When one of the group at our table heard this, he
immediately responded in anger and accused me of flagrant prejudice and a
judgmental spirit. Even though I attempted to elaborate my point, the young
man had determined that I was an elitist and would not listen any longer.
This incident serves as a reminder that one of the most prevalent ways of approaching art is to simply say that "beauty is in the eye (or ear) of the beholder." The incident also serves to show that concepts of "good" and "bad," or "beautiful" and "ugly," or other adjectives, are part of our vocabulary when we talk of art. This is true whether we believe such terms apply only to individuals or everyone. The vocabulary pertains to a field of philosophy called aesthetics.
All of us deal with aesthetics at various times in our lives, and many of us incorporate aesthetic statements in daily conversations. For example, we may say, "That was a great movie." Or, "That was a terrible movie." When we make such statements we normally don't think seriously about how such terms actually apply to what we have seen. We are stating our opinions, but those opinions are usually the result of an immediate emotional response.
The challenge comes when we attempt to relate qualitative statements about the movie as part of a quest to find universal guidelines that can be applied to all art. When we accept this challenge we begin to explain why some artists and their art is great, some merely good, and others not worthwhile.
Aesthetics and Nature
------------------------------
Perhaps one of the clearest ways to begin to understand the aesthetic dimension
of our lives is to consider how we respond to nature. Have you ever heard
anyone say, "That's an ugly sunset." Probably not, but surely you
have heard the word beautiful applied to sunsets. And when you hear the phrase
"beautiful sunset" you probably don't hear an argument to the contrary.
Usually there is a consensus among those who see the sunset: it is beautiful.
From a Christian perspective those who are there are offering a judgment concerning
both the "artist" and the "art."
Both the "cause" and "effect" have been praised aesthetically. Torrential waterfalls, majestic mountains, as well as sunsets routinely evoke human aesthetic response. The Christian knows that the very fabric of the universe expresses God's presence with majestic beauty and grandeur. Psalm 19:1 states, "The heavens declare the glory of God and the firmament shows forth his handiwork." Nature has been called the "aesthetics of the infinite."
Through telescope or microscope, one can devote a lifetime to the study of some part of the universe--the skin, the eye, the sea, the flora and fauna, the stars, the climate. All of nature can be appreciated for its aesthetic qualities which find their source in God, their Creator. In fact, we can assert that "the major premise of a Christian world view, including a Christian aesthetic, is that God is the Creator."(1)
Human Creativity
-------------------------
"You have a wonderful imagination! Are you an artist?" Has anyone
said such things to you? If so, perhaps you responded by saying something
that would reject the person's perception of you. Most of us don't see ourselves
as imaginative, artistic people. Indeed, most of us tend to think of the artist
and imagination as terms that apply only to certain elite individuals who
have left a legacy of work. "The truth is that in discussing the arts
we are discussing something universal to mankind."(2) For example, anthropologists
tell us all primitive peoples thought art was important.(3) Why is this true?
From the perspective of a Christian world view the answer is found in how we are created. Since we are made in God's image that must include the glorious concept that we too are creative. After creating man, God told him to subdue the earth and rule over it. Adam was to cultivate and keep the garden (Gen. 2:15) which was described by God as "very good" (Gen. 1:31). The implication of this is very important. God, the Creator, a lover of the beauty in His created world, invited Adam, one of His creatures, to share in the process of "creation" with Him. He has permitted humans to take the elements of His cosmos and create new arrangements with them. Perhaps this explains the reason why creating anything is so fulfilling to us. We can express a drive within us which allows us to do something all humans uniquely share with their Creator.
God has thus placed before the human race a banquet table rich with aesthetic delicacies. He has supplied the basic ingredients, inviting those made in His image to exercise their creative capacities to the fullest extent possible. We are privileged as no other creature to make and enjoy art.
There is a dark side to this, however, because sin entered and affected all of human life. A bent and twisted nature has emerged, tainting every field of human endeavor or expression and consistently marring the results. The unfortunate truth is that divinely-endowed creativity will always be accompanied in earthly life by the reality and presence of sin expressed through a fallen race. Man is Jekyll and Hyde: noble image-bearer and morally- crippled animal. His works of art are therefore bittersweet.
Understanding this dichotomy allows Christians to genuinely appreciate something of the contribution of every artist, composer, or author. God is sovereign and dispenses artistic talents upon whom He will. While Scripture keeps us from emulating certain lifestyles of artists or condoning some of their ideological perspectives, we can nevertheless admire and appreciate their talent, which ultimately finds its source in God.
The fact is that if God can speak through a burning bush or Balaam's donkey, He can speak through a hedonistic artist! The question can never be how worthy is the vessel, but rather has truth been expressed? God's truth is still sounding forth today from the Bible, from nature, and even from fallen humanity.
Because of the Fall, absolute beauty in the world is gone. But participation in the aesthetic dimension reminds us of the beauty that once was, and anticipates its future luster. With such beauty present today that can take one's breath away, even in this unredeemed world, one can but speculate about what lies ahead for those who love Him!
Art and the Bible
----------------------
What does the Bible have to say about the arts? Happily, the Bible does not
call upon Christians to look down upon the arts. In fact, the arts are imperative
when considered from the biblical mandate that whatever we do should be done
to the glory of God (I Cor. 10:31). We are to offer Him the best that we have--
intellectually, artistically, and spiritually. Further, at the very center
of Christianity stands the Incarnation ("the Word made flesh"),
an event which identified God with the physical world and gave dignity to
it. A real Man died on a real cross and was laid in a real, rock-hard tomb.
The Greek ideas of "other- worldly-ness" that fostered a tainted
and debased view of nature (and hence aesthetics) find no place in biblical
Christianity. The dichotomy between sacred and secular is thus an alien one
to biblical faith. Paul's statement, "Unto the pure, all things are pure"
(Titus 1:15) includes the arts. While we may recognize that human creativity,
like all other gifts bestowed upon us by God, may be misused, there is nothing
inherently or more sinful about the arts than other areas of human activity.
The Old Testament
---------------------------
The Old Testament is rich with examples which confirm the artistic dimension.
Exodus 25 shows that God commanded beautiful architecture, along with other
forms of art (metalwork, clothing design, tapestry, etc.) in the building
of the tabernacle and eventually the temple. Here we find something unique
in history art works conceived and designed by the infinite God, then transmitted
to and executed by His human apprentices!
Poetry is another evidence of God's love for beauty. A large portion of the Old Testament, including Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon, portions of the prophets, and Job contain poetry. Since God inspired the very words of Scripture, it logically follows that He inspired the poetical form in such passages.
Music and dance are often found in the Bible. In Exodus 15 the children of Israel celebrated God's Red Sea victory over the Egyptians with singing, dancing, and the playing of instruments. In 1 Chronicles 23:5 we find musicians in the temple, their instruments specifically made by King David for praising God. And we should remember that the lyrical poetry of the Psalms was first intended to be sung.
The New Testament
-----------------------------
The New Testament also includes artistic insights. The most obvious is the
example of Jesus Himself. First of all, He was by trade a carpenter, a skilled
craftsman (Mark 6:3). Secondly, His teachings are full of examples which reveal
His sensitivity to the beauty all around: the fox, the bird nest, the lily,
the sparrow and dove, the glowering skies, a vine, a mustard seed. Jesus was
also a master story-teller. He readily made use of His own cultural setting
to impart His message, and sometimes quite dramatically. Many of the parables
were fictional stories, but they were nevertheless used to teach spiritual
truths via the imagination.
We should also remember that the entire Bible is not only revelation, it is itself a work of art. And this work of art "has been the single greatest influence on art. It sheds more light upon the creative process and the use of the arts than any other source, because in it are found the great truths about man as well as God that are the wellsprings of art."(4)
Evaluating Art
-------------------
Can the Bible help us evaluate art? Consider the concepts found in Philippians
4:8:
Finally, brethren, whatever is true, whatever is honorable, whatever is right,
whatever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is of good repute, if there
is any excellence and ifanything worthy of praise, let your mind dwell on
these things.
Let's concentrate for a few moments on this verse in order to see if it might at least provide the beginning of a framework for the evaluation and enjoyment of art.
Paul begins with truth. When considering art the Christian is compelled to ask, "Is this really true?" Does life genuinely operate in this fashion in light of God's revelation? And Christians must remember that truth includes the negatives as well as the positives of reality.
The second word refers to the concept of honor or dignity. This can refer to what we related earlier in this essay about the nature of man: we have dignity even though we are sinful. This gives a basis, for example, to reject the statements in the work of the artist Francis Bacon. Bacon painted half-truths. He presented deterioration and hopeless despair, but he didn't present man's honor and dignity.
The third key to aesthetic comprehension has to do with the moral dimension--what is right. Not all art makes a moral statement, but when it does Christians must deal with it, not ignore it. For example, Picasso's painting, Guernica, is a powerful moral statement protesting the bombing by the Germans of a town by that name just prior to World War II. Protesting injustice is a cry for justice.
Purity is the fourth concept. It also touches on the moral-- by contrasting that which is innocent, chaste, and pure from that which is sordid, impure, and worldly. For instance, one need not be a professional drama critic to identify and appreciate the fresh, innocent love of Romeo and Juliet, nor to distinguish it from the erotic escapades of a Tom Jones.
While the first four concepts have dealt with facets of artistic statements, the fifth focuses on sheer beauty: "Whatever is lovely." If there is little to evaluate morally and rationally, we are still free to appreciate what is beautiful in art.
The sixth concept, that of good repute, gives us impetus to evaluate the life and character of the artist. The less than exemplary lifestyle of an artist may somewhat tarnish his artistic contribution, but it doesn't necessarily obliterate it. The greatest art is true, skillfully expressed, imaginative, and unencumbered by the personal and emotional problems of its originators.
Excellence is yet another concept. It is a comparative term; it assumes that something else is not excellent. The focus is on quality, which is worth much discussion. But one sure sign of it is craftsmanship: technical mastery. Another sign is durability. Great art lasts.
The last concept is praise. Here we are concerned with the impact or the effect of the art. Great art can have power and is therefore a forceful tool of communication. Herein lies the "two- edged swordness" of art. It can encourage a culture to lofty heights, and it can help bring a culture to ruin. Paul undergirds this meaty verse by stating that we should let our minds"dwell on these things," a reminder that Christianity thrives on intelligence, not ignorance even in the artistic realm.
Thus it is my hope that we will pursue the artistic dimensions of our lives with intelligence and imagination. The world needs to see and hear from Christians committed to art for the glory of God.
© 1997 Probe Ministries International
Notes
1. C. Nolan Huizenga, "The Arts: A Bridge Between the Natural and Spiritual
Realms," in The Christian Imagination, ed. Leland Ryken (Grand Rapids,
Mich.: Baker, 1981), 70.
2. Nicholas Wolterstorff, Art in Action (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 1980),
4.
3. Ibid.
4. Frank E. Gaebelein, "Toward a Biblical View of Aesthetics," in
The Christian Imagination, ed. Leland Ryken (Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker, 1981),
48-49.
About the Author
James F. Williams is the founder and past president of Probe Ministries International,
and currently serves as Minister at Large. He holds degrees from Southern
Methodist University (B.A.) and Dallas Theological Seminary (Th.M.). He also
has pursued inter-disciplinary doctoral studies (a.b.d.) in the humanities
at the University of Texas at Dallas.
During the past thirty-five years, he has visited, lectured, and counseled
on more than 180 university campuses in the United States, Canada, Europe,
and the former Soviet Union.
He has also served on the faculties of the American, Latin American, and European
Institutes of Biblical Studies. Jimmy can be reached via e-mail at jwilliams@probe.org.
About the Author
Jerry Solomon, former Director of Field Ministries and Mind Games Coordinator
for Probe Ministries, served as Associate Pastor at Dallas Bible Church after
leaving Probe. He received the B.A. (summa cum laude) in Bible and the M.A.
(cum laude) in history and theology from Criswell College. He also attended
the University of North Texas, Canal Zone College, and Lebanon Valley College.
Just before Christmas 2000, Jerry went home to be with the Lord he loved and
served.
What is Probe?
Probe Ministries is a non-profit corporation whose mission is to reclaim the
primacy of Christian thought and values in Western culture through media,
education, and literature. In seeking to accomplish this mission, Probe provides
perspective on the integration of the academic disciplines and historic Christianity.
In addition, Probe acts as a clearing house, communicating the results of
its research to the church and society at large.
Further information about Probe's materials and ministry may be obtained by
writing to:
Probe Ministries
1900 Firman Drive, Suite 100
Richardson, TX 75081
(972) 480-0240 FAX (972) 644-9664
info@probe.org
www.probe.org
Copyright (C) 1996-2003 Probe Ministries
SUMMER ARTS EVENTS AT REGENT COLLEGE (thanks to SOUL FOOD for this info)
All Lunchtime Concerts are free and run from 1:00 2:00 pm.
· Thurs., July 17 GYPSALERO?Gypsy Jazz
· Tues., July 22 MICHELLE NG?Guzheng (Asian string)
· Thurs., July 24 BROOKS WILLIAMS?Contemporary Folk
· Tues., July 29 EVELYN LOEWEN?Celtic Harp
· Thurs., July 31 JOHN GILLIAT QUARTET?Nouveau Flamenco
Evening Concerts
JUBILATE!
Carolyn Arends & Brooks Williams
Thursday, July 24, 7:30 pm, Regent Chapel. Tickets $15 at Regent Bookstore.
The third MANIFEST arts festival is slated for Nov 7-9 at
Holy Trinity. Check www.manifestarts.com They're also holding a retreat
Aug 29 - Sep 1. Want details? Check www.arocha.org
################################
Regent College summer school 2003: FAITH & THE WORLDS OF THEATRE (thanks
to SOUL FOOD for their heads up on this)
The Oregon Shakespearean Festival
Ashland Oregon
Jul 27 to Aug 2
224-3245
"Ancient theatre grew out of religious faith, and modern theatre
still engages and celebrates the fundamental mysteries of life--
love, death, laughter, loss, hope. . . . This course uses the Oregon
Shakespearean Festival, in Ashland Oregon, to explore those
worlds which good theatre creates. We will see five plays in all:
Shakespeare's Midsummer Night's Dream, Romeo and Juliet,
and Richard II; Ibsen's Hedda Gabler, and August Wilson's 1990
Pulitzer Prize winning play, The Piano Lesson. Lectures and
discussions, by Regent professor Loren Wilkinson and playwright,
actor and direcor Ron Reed (founding artistic director of Pacific
Theatre in Vancouver) will examine both the themes and ideas
in the worlds of the plays, and the way those worlds are created
by the diverse arts and artists of one of North America's oldest and
most succesful theatre companies. "
"The week-long course will not only give Christians more to be
Christian with; it will help reconnect the world of drama with the life
of faith. (Members of the course will live and hold classes at the
Oregon Extension Campus in the Cascade mountains, descending
to Ashland to view the plays)."
Suggested reading: David Mamet, WRITING IN RESTAURANTS;
Tillyard, THE ELIZABETHAN WORLD PICTURE; Frederic Buechner,
TELLING THE TRUTH: THE GOSPEL AS COMEDY, TRAGEDY &
FAIRY TALE. We'll also be viewing Shakespeare films by directors
Trevor Nunn, Baz Luhrmann and Franco Zeffirelli.
=============
NETWORKING:
=============
C.A.S.T. (Christian Actors Studying Together)
Sundays 4-7PM
Pacific Theatre rehearsal hall, 1440 W12 Ave
(except for Academy Award Sunday, Mar 23)
CAST is designed for people who are pursuing a professional career in acting,
but KellyAnne adds; "That said, anyone who is interested is welcome to
join
C.A.S.T., however, a high degree of commitment to be present at the weekly
group is expected." 4:00-5:00, Bible study from "Master Class"
study guide.
5:15-7:00 Acting workshop including information on different vocal, movement,
and acting techniques, plus scene study.
KellyAnne Little: 904-4151 / lady_kas@hotmail.com
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
PACIFIC THEATRE spotlighted by IMAGE
Says Ron Reed of SOUL FOOD/Pacific Theatre, "I've often touted IMAGE magazine here, "A Journal of Arts & Religion." Well, they have a bi-weekly newsletter, and the most recent edition included a profile of Pacific Theatre. You can check out their website at http://www.imagejournal.org/ - but since they don't have the current newsletter online just yet, I'll include the PT article for your edification..."
Pacific Theatre
Vancouver, B.C.
Distinctive among Vancouver, Canada's theater community, Pacific Theatre has established itself as a visionary organization. The 2002 - 2003 season has only confirmed this, and on the heals of the wildly successful and critically acclaimed production of Lucia Frangione's Espresso, the theater is gaining further momentum as a model to imitate. Pacific Theatre was formed in 1984 by a collection of actors "who wanted to establish a non-propagandist professional theatre where they would be free to explore work having particular meaning to them as Christians." Through the years-over forty productions to date-the company has worked with many different theater artists of varied faith orientations to produce established works like Macbeth and Agnes of God. They have also premiered new works such as Espresso, Tent Meeting and Book of the Dragon. Pacific Theatre performs plays which "address social, spiritual, and ethical values" on both their main stage and in community schools and churches. Pursuing both excellence and uniqueness, the theater's commitment to community is further evidenced in their Stones Throw Productions in which non-professional community members act alongside theater professionals. After years of making do with a variety of facilities, in 1994 Pacific Theatre found a home just south of downtown Vancouver-"a brand new 124 seat theatre built in the newly renovated Chalmers Heritage Building." In addition to the great amount of funding that occurred at that time, the theater community-previously having ignored the theater due to its Christian mandate-began to show interest. This interest has transformed into praise: in the past nine years the theater has received 35 nominations for Vancouver's Jessie Richardson Theatre Awards. Up next for the theater: God's Man in Texas (April 11 - May 10, 2003) starring founding member and Managing Artistic Director, Ron Reed.
Visit Pacific Theatre on the internet: http://www.pacifictheatre.org
============
RESOURCES:
============
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
THE MINSTREL SERIES: (cassettes) by Ray Hughes <SELAH@aol.com>
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
We highly recommend Ray Hughes' excellent biblically-based teaching tapes
which we're sure you and those you know will benefit greatly from in order
to see the nations come to worship Jesus!
If you are concerned about training your worship leaders and seeing them
established in their biblical role and calling as a musician and released
into God's purposes for them in the Great Commission, these tapes will benefit
you in untold ways!! For ordering info, contact: PO Box 5, Norene, TN, 37136
USA
Tapes include:
Order for Musicians The Book of Psalms The Singers II
Chief Musicians Instruments of Praise The Singers
The Prophetic Song The Prophetic Song II Music in Church History I
Music in Church History II Sounds of Many Waters
Titles and Inspirations of Praise The Holy Mantle
Worship All the Time Music is the Power Selah
==============
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Article: Redeeming The Arts - Colin Harbinson, YWAM
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Great Commission Worship & Arts Center - Surrey, BC
http://DiscipleTheNations.org/index9.html
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